Method of and apparatus for charging liquids with gas



(No Model.) A

H. OARMIGHAEL. METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR CHARGING LIQUIDS WITH GAS.

N0. 604,018. Patented May17, 1898.

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HENRY CARMICHAEL, OF MALDEN, MASSACHUSETTS.

METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR CHARGING LIQUIDS WITH GAS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 604,018, dated May 1'7,1898.

Application filed (lune 16, 1897. Serial No. 640,983. (No model.)

and apparatus for charging liquids with gas,

and is especially applicable for charging water with carbonic-acid gas.

The particular features of this invention will be pointed out in theclaim at the end of this specification.

Figure 1 represents in vertical section one form of apparatus embodyingthis invention; Fig. 2, a section on the line 2 2, Fig. 1; Fig. 3,adetail to be referred to, and Fig. 4 a modification to be referred to.l

In the present instance I have illustrated my invention as embodied inwhat may be termed a portable apparatus and which, as herein shown,consists of a shell or casing A, preferably of cylindrical form andprovided with adome-shaped partition-wall a and with a removable bottoma, forming a charging chamber M, which is provided near its upper endwith a water inlet pipe a and at its lower end with a gas-inlet pipe aThe chargingchamber a is also provided with an outletpipe a for thecharged water and preferably with a gas-outlet pipe a The shell orcasing A may and preferably will be placed within an outer shell orcasing A, and the space between the two shells may be filled withnon-heat-conducting material M. The water-inlet pipe a is connected to asource of supply containing water under pressuresuch, for instance, asthe street-mainand the said inlet-pipe may and preferably will beprovided with an automatically-operated shut-0E valve, which may be ofany suitable construction and which is herein shown as a cylinder 1),closed at one end and fitted over the end of the inlet-pipe (1 (see Fig.3,) the said cylinder containing a washer b, which is adapted to beforced liquid-tight against the normally open end or mouth of theinlet-pipe a when the water 12 to be charged and admitted into thechamber a through a pipe I)",

connected to the cylinder 1), has reached a predetermined level, thesaid water, as herein represented, acting on a float b to turn a lever13 on its pivot b and by means of a finger or arm 12 on said lever inengagement with a flange D on the cylinder move the said cylinder so asto close the outlet-pipe and shut off the supply of water.

Instead of the particular automatic shutofi herein shown I may use anyother suitable or desired construction.

In accordancewith this invention the water in the chamber a is chargedwith gas admitted into said chamber through the pipe a by causing thesaid gas to be arrested in its ascent, so as'to form, preferably, aseries of layers Z7 within the body of water. This result mayandpreferably will be effected by providing the charging-chamber a with aseries of superimposed pockets or traps, which may be formed by means ofinverted saucers, dishes, or pans, herein represented as ofsubstantially the same size or diameter as the is open, the said pipebeing provided with a suitable valve.

(Not herein shown.)

By reference to Fig. 1 it will be seen that the layer of gas in eachtrap or pocket as well as the contiguous layer of water is quiet or in astatic condition, and that even when the charged water is being drawnofi and gas is being admitted the pockets or traps are kept fullof gas,so that the charging-chamber a contains a body of liquid'within which isa series of layers of gas, and a substantially large surface or area ofwater is in direct contact with the layers of gas, which facilitates andinsures the absorption of the gas by the water, whereby a substantiallycontinuous supply of highly-charged water maybe obtained from anapparatus embodying this invention.

The water-outlet pipe a and the gas-outlet pipe a may and preferablywill be controlled by a valve d of suitable construction to permiteither to be drawn off from the chamber a The apparatus herein shown isprovided with a removable cover cl, which forms with the wall a an upperchamber 01 for the reception of ice, which serves as arefrigeratingchamber surrounding the chamber a so as to keep the Waterin the chamber a cool and at substantially freezing temperature andthereby facilitate the absorption of the gas, and the chamber 19 may beprovided with a water-outlet pipe 61 If desired, the outletpipe a mayhave connected to it a branch pipe 01 provided with a cook or valve 61which may be used for filling tanks or vessels with the charged water.

In order that the water at its entrance may be partially charged withgas and in order that a partial vacuum may be formed at the upper end ofthe chamber a so that the inflowing gas may readily pass up through thebody of water to supply the deficiency thereby created, the water-inletpipe Z7 is extended to the upper part of the chamber above thewater-level and is preferably provided with a distributer or sprayer 61Prior to this invention I am aware that it has been proposed to chargeWater with carbonic-acid gas by cascading or spraying the water in thepresence of the gas orby forcing the gas in minute bubbles through thewater. In these methods the absorption is limited to the short time orperiod of motion of either the gas or water, whereas in the present casethe period of absorption is indefinitely exvup on one another inoverlapping courses or horizontal layers. (See Fig. 4.) The chinks orspaces between the contiguous plates are left wide enough for thepassage of the excess of gas upward until arrested ,by the platetraps ofthe higher layers or until absorbed by the liquid.

I claim- An apparatus for charging liquid with gas, which consists in achamber provided with a liquid-inlet and with a liquid-outlet, agasinlet connected to the chamber near its bottom, a gas-outlet for thechamber near its upper end, and a single cook or valve controlling thegas and liquid outlet-s, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in thepresence of two subscribing witnesses.

HENRY OARMICHAEL.

Witnesses:

J AS. H. CHURCHILL, J. MURPHY.

